What is the difference between sex and gender?

• A. Sex refers to biological differences (chromosomes, anatomy); gender refers to social and cultural roles, identities assigned to males and females.
• B. Sex is a personal choice, while gender is fixed at birth.
• C. Sex and gender are the same concept.
• D. Gender is determined by biology and chromosomes.

Answer: (A)

Sex is about biology—chromosomes, anatomy, and reproductive organs. Gender is about social and cultural roles, expectations, and identities that people are assigned or come to identify with in a given society. This means someone’s biological traits don’t alone determine how they experience or express themselves in terms of gender.

So the best answer reflects that separation: biology defines sex, while social meaning and personal identity define gender. It’s not about choosing biology, nor is gender simply fixed at birth, and they’re not the same thing; gender isn’t determined by biology, even though biology can influence how people experience gender.