Later socialization, usually involving learning more specific norms for particular statuses and roles, reinforcing what is learnt in the primary stage. Normally thought to start from the age of approximately 5 years. It's a lifelong process.

• A. Primary Socialization
• B. Social Class
• C. Secondary Socialization
• D. Sex

Answer: (C)

Secondary socialization is the phase where people learn more specific norms and expectations tied to particular roles and groups beyond the family. It reinforces what was learned earlier in primary socialization, but in a more targeted way—teaching how to act as a student, a peer, a worker, a citizen, and how to navigate different social contexts. It typically begins around when formal schooling starts, around five years old, and continues throughout life as new environments—school, workplace, clubs, media, religious or cultural communities—require new routines and behaviors. This ongoing process helps individuals adapt to different settings and understand the rules that apply to each role.

In contrast, primary socialization is the early, family-based stage where fundamental norms, language, and basic values are learned. Social class is a socioeconomic category describing one’s position in society, not a learning process. Sex refers to biological differences (and related gender expectations) rather than the ongoing process of learning role-specific norms.